Al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Quran or Kitab al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Quran, popularly known as Tafsir al-Burhan (Arabic: تفسير البرهان), is a Shi'a Muslimtafsir (or exegesis of the Quran) written by Syed Hashim bin Sulaiman bin Ismail al Husaini al Bahrani.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
The book[edit]
There are nearly 14000 exegetical hadiths, narrated from Muhammad's family, collected by some Shi'ah scholars in a number of commentaries well known as Tafasir e Ma'thur (traditional commentaries) in Shi'ah. In the 12th century, most of these traditions were collected in the two large collections entitled Al-Burhan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, the work of Bahrani.[7]
It is one of the most important shiism traditionary (rawayi) commentaries in the eleventh and early twelfth century A.H. in Arabic. Its author is Syed Hashim bin Sulaiman bin Ismail al Huseini al Bahrani, the shiism scholar of “traditions believer” (akhbari maslak), commentator, traditionist and author. In this commentary that is in traditionary (rawayi) method, he has explained the subjects of religious sciences, narration, prophet news (meaning the accounts of sayings and deeds of Muhammad) and above all, virtues of Imamism Household. Then he has related the hadiths and traditions quoted by household and their relations with Quranic verses, below of it. Al-Burhan commentary has compiled many news and secrets of Quranic sciences in the field of commentary that has been related in the old unknown books. It also has guided the readers to the many traditions that had been hidden for recent commentators.[citation needed]
Book structure[edit]
This book contains an introduction and 16 chapters (Bab). In this 16 chapters, explaining the Quranic subjects and commentary viewpoints such as:
References[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Burhan_Fi_Tafsir_al-Quran&oldid=896676645'
Jāmiʿ al-bayān ʿan taʾwīl āy al-Qurʾān (Arabic: جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن, lit.'Collection of statements on interpretation of verses of the Qur'an', also written with fī in place of ʿan), popularly Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī (Arabic: تفسير الطبري), is a Sunnitafsir by the Persian scholar Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923).[1] It immediately won high regard and retained its importance for scholars to the present day.[2] It is the earliest major running commentary of the Quran to have survived in its original form.[2] Like his history, al-Tabari's tafsir is notable for its comprehensiveness and citation of multiple, often conflicting sources.[3] The book was translated into Persian by a group of scholars from Transoxania on commission of the Samanid king, Mansur I (961–976).[2]
Opening lines of the Quran from a Persian translation of Tafsir al-Tabari
Background[edit]
Tabari finished his work in 883, often dictating sections to his students.[1][4] It is his second great work after 'History of the Prophets and Kings' (Tarīkh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk), also known as 'Tarikh al-Tabari'.
Sources[edit]
Tabari has relied on narratives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, including narrations and comments of sahabah and tabi'in where necessary. Tabari supplies the chain of narrations for the reports included in the commentary, sometimes elaborating on the trustworthiness of narrators.[1][5] Narratives are selected based on their authenticity; a notable example is the rejection of the same historical sources he had already used for his historical works.
Al-Tabari incorporated an earlier commentary by ‘Abd al-Razzaq b. Hamman al-Himyari al-San‘ani (d. 211/827) in its entirety into his work, and Heribert Horst has argued that Al-Tabari has also used other subsequently lost commentaries.[2]
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Preface[edit]
In the preface, general facts about the Quran are given, including its superiority to any other text, what tafsir and tawil are, the seven qira'at, companions who commented on the Quran and the naming of the suras.[1][6]
The language of the Quran, Arabic, is discussed and the view that there are foreign words in the Quran is rejected.[1][7] Tabari mentions that these foreign words are coherent with Arabic, entering the Arabic language before the revelation of the Quran, and that they are very rare, and cannot be used as counter evidence that the Quran is Arabic.[vague]
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Content[edit]
Interpretations start with 'al-qawlu fī ta'wīli qawlihi ta'ālā' (English: The tawil of this word of God is) for every verse. Then hadith and other previous interpretations are stated and classified according to their compatibility to each other. Interpretation using other verses and Arabic language is favored, qualifying this tafsir as riwaya, but the inclusion of critiques and reason is an integral part of the books unique character; as Tabari has refrained from interpretation using merely his own opinion and opposed those who do so.[1][8]
Lexical meanings of words are given, and their use in Arabic culture is examined. Tabari's linguistic views are based on the school of Basra. Opinions of linguists are given where appropriate. Evidence from Arabic poetry is used frequently, sometimes with its origins.
Tabari is also a qira'at scholar, reflected in his opinions on qira'at debates in his book. Choices of qira'at are usually given according to the Kufa school. Sometimes both qira'at are preserved, leaving the choice to the reader.[1][9]
Kitab Tafsir Adhwa'ul Bayan Youtube
Although rare, Tabari has included isra'iliyat occasionally in his book. Given only as notice, this information is not dwelled upon, usually left for the understanding of the reader.
Influence[edit]
The Tafsir gives information about older commentaries which have not survived to the present. Its content —which encompasses dictionaries, historical notes, law, recitation, theology and Arabic literature— has made it a highly referenced book throughout history, resulting in many editions. It is also a good example of reasoning in a tafsir by a widely accepted scholar, giving it a value of diraya.
It was marked by the same fullness of detail as his other work. The size of this work and the independence of judgment in it seem to have prevented it from having a large circulation, but scholars such as Baghawi and Suyuti used it largely; Ibn Kathir used it in his Tafsir ibn Kathir. Scholars including Suyuti have expressed their admiration towards this tafsir, regarding it as the most valuable of commentaries.[1][10] Until well into the 19th century Al-Tabari's tafsir was considered lost by Western scholars, who knew it only from fragmentary quotations. In 1860 Theodor Nöldeke wrote: 'If we had this work, we could do without all the later commentaries.'[11]
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Translation[edit]
Mansur I, a Samanid king who ruled in Khorasan between 961 and 976, asked for the legal opinion (fatwa) of jurists on the permissibility of translating the Quran into Persian. The scholars affirmed that reading and writing the translation of the Quran in Persian was permissible for those who did not speak Arabic. Subsequently, the King ordered a group of scholars from Transoxiana and Khorasan to translate Tafsir al-Tabari into Persian. The Persian translation of the tafsir has survived and has been published numerous times in Iran.
Editions[edit]
Editions of Tabari's commentary on the Qur'an:
See also[edit]References[edit]
Kitab Tafsir Adhwa'ul Bayan FullExternal links[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tafsir_al-Tabari&oldid=854812839'
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